Author: Boulenger, 1898
Comments: Are not light shy and swim in the open.  Have been discovered over many types of rock substrates even in very muddy water.  Lives in rather deep water for such small species, specimens having been found as deep as 20 m, although they seem to prefer a range between 5 and 10 m.  Always solitary.  Omnivorous.  Feeds on microorganisms and small fish (Ref. 6770).  Aufwuchs eater (Ref. 54948).  Forms temporary pair bonds; the male defends the territory while the female takes care of her offspring (Ref. 7343).