Author: (Pallas, 1776)
FBname: Bitterling
Comments: Occurs in ponds, lakes, marshes, muddy and sandy pools and backwaters of rivers (Ref. 5723).  Feeds mainly on plant material but also on small larvae of insects.  Its occurrence is related to those of the bivalve <i>Anodonta cygnea</i> and other freshwater mussels (Ref. 30578).  Known for its habit of laying its eggs in the mantle cavity of freshwater mussels (Ref. 1739).  Reproduction takes place from April to June (Ref. 30578).