Author: de Santana, Maldonado-Ocampo & Crampton, 2007
Comments: Inhabits piedmont rivers with clear water, rocky bottom and strong current (Ref. 75033).  Has the ability to generate a continuous wave (tone) -type electric organ discharges (EOD) with a stable fundamental frequency of 700-957 (Ref. 75033).  Sexually mature males have more fundamental frequencies of the EOD than females, with no overlap between sexes (Ref. 75033).