Author: Günther, 1863
Comments: A typical inhabitant of black or clear waters, usually in forest streams with moderate to swift current flow over firm sand or gravel bottoms (Ref. 7462).  Lives hidden under plants, litter or plant debris.  Can easily be mistaken as a piece of dead wood when it rests on its side,  motionless on the bottom.  Often swims on one side in undulating movements (Ref. 35381).  Feeds mainly on terrestrial insects, particularly ants (Ref. 7462).  Nocturnal (Ref. 6868).