Author: (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)
Remark: Redescribed with synonymy in Vari (1995:74).
Comments: Usually inhabits areas with rapid water, always on the surface, behind obstacles like rocks and logs (Ref. 54653). Some small-sized individuals occur in calmer waters such as lakes, small bays (Ref. 54653).  Solitary or forms small schools (Ref. 54653). A carnivorous fish with preference on fish (Ref. 54653).