Author: (Valenciennes, 1836)
Comments: Adults occur among seagrass, sometimes on rocky bottoms.  Eggs produced by several females are guarded by male.  Individuals are first females then change to males (Ref. 5981).  Oviparous.  Eggs are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 205), and are attached to the substrate via a filamentous, adhesive pad or pedestal (Ref. 94114).  Larvae are planktonic, often found in shallow, coastal waters (Ref. 94114).