Author: Bonaparte, 1840
Comments: Gregarious.  Inhabits lakes and lower reaches of main rivers with moderate current, in deep water, over gravel bottom (Ref. 59043).  A long-lived species reported to occur in the middle reach of rivers.  Feeds on invertebrates and plants.  Spawns in April and May.  Threatened due to the introduction of other species (Ref. 26100).  Declined in large lowland rivers due to   habitat alterations (Ref. 59043).