Author: (Duméril, 1865)
FBname: Magdalena river stingray
Remark: Teshima & Takeshita (1992) studied the reproductive biology of this species, and found that males are usually reproductively mature at 17 to 19 cm DW (the holotype is an adult male of 15 cm DW), and that females are sexually mature between 17 and 21 cm DW and produce one embryo per uterus (born at 10 cm DW). Females give birth throughout the year. Additional references: Castex & Suilar (1965), Thorson et al. (1983a), Rosa (1985a), Compagno & Cook (1995).
Comments: Prefers shallow muddy bottoms with turbid waters (Ref. 26543).  Feeds on insect larvae (Ref. 26543).