Author: (Kessler, 1859)
FBname: Dnieper chub
Comments: Adults inhabit lowland rivers, lower reaches of montane rivers, limans, lakes, deltas, backwaters with moderate to no current.  They prefer to stay in warm water with temperatures up to 30-32° C, on sand, sand-mud or mud bottom, and in shallow places with slow current along banks, in backwaters, in small lakes and similar calm-water sites. Can tolerate slightly brackish water and low oxygen concentrations.  Feed predominantly on insects and their larvae, but also takes plankton, benthic invertebrates and algae.  Form spawning groups of up to 150 individuals.  They do not undertake migration but move to deeper places in winter.  Sharp decline of some populations is due to drainage of flood-plains and channelization of river beds (Ref. 59043).