Author: Randall, 2001
Comments: Observed often on steep rocky substrata off promontories at depths of 15 m or more.  Feed on zooplankton, generally in small groups with individuals, as high as 5 m above the bottom (Ref. 39287).  Diurnal species (Ref. 54980).  Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).  Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205).  Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205).